Braking apparatus



1921 2 Shets-Sheel'. l

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L. M. ASPINWALL BRAKING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 14

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'ATTORNEY wlTNEssE's; l -v Dec.. 28,1926. 1,612,345 Y L.. M. ASPlNwALL 4 BRAKING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 14 1921 2 sheets-@heet '2 WITNESS-Es: INVENTOR Q. sgh@ pas/7. Asp/nwa/ I MyA/w/ r ATTRNEY Patented Dec. 28, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS M. ASPINWALL, PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WESTING- HOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYL- ed within a cavity 11, which is locatedI be- VANIA. p

' BRAKING- APPARATUS.

Application led February 14, 1921. Serial No. 444,63'8.

My invention relates to braking apparatus and it'has particular relation to pneumatic brakes forone-man cars and other vehicles.

The object of my invention is to provide a l relatively simple pneumatic brake which shall dispense with the brake cylinder and intermediate levers by applying the braking force directly to the face of the wheel.l This arrangement is simple in construction, positive and etective in operation, does away with brake-shoe dust and reduces wear on tires. 'lhe wearing parts of the brake are so designed that they may be readily replaced. l Brieiy' speaking, my invention consists in having a stationary member rigidly positioned relatively adjacent to a rotatable -member and providing a movable but nonrotatable member which is secured to the stationary member, and which may be brought into frictional engagement with the rotatable member upon the application of Huid pressure to a diaphragm that'is located between the stationary member and the movi' able member. y

For a better understanding of my invention, reference may be made to the accompanying drawing,

Figure 1 of which is a view, in end elevation, of a car wheel and braking mechanism embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a .view,'partially in cross-section andv partially in side elevation, of the braking mechanism of the car wheel shown in Fig. 1; and

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are views, in perspective, of parts of the braking mechanism.

Referring particularly to Figs. v1 and 2 of the drawings, a mounted within a car wheel 2, which is rigidly secured to an axle 3. The car wheel 2 is provided' on opposite sides with a lange 4 and a removable cover member 5. The cover member 5 is mechanically connected to radially-extending ribs 8 the hub portion 9.0i the the torque arm holes 26 are provided braking mechanism 1v isV the rim 6 of the wheel 2 by means of a plu- 7 The cover 5 is providedl A stationary member or plate 10 is mounttwcen the wheel 2 and the cover v5.,and is provided'with an integral hub portion 12. A` torque arm 13 is rigidly mounted by nfeans of a nut 15,' upon an end projection 14 of the hub portion 12 of the stationary member 9 (see Fig. 3). The other end of 13 is provided with a hole 17 for aid in securing it to a car body (not shown).

A diaphragm or disc 18, of leather or other suitable material,l is secured to the stationary member 10 by means of an annularl member 19 which is positioned near the periphery of the stationary member 10. A movable mem'- ber or plate 21 is positioned, between the stationary member 10 and the car wheel 2.

Annular braking discs'22 (see-Fig. 5), made of somesuitable material, such, for example, as woven and treated asbestos, are positioned between the cover member 5 and the stationary member 10 and -between the car wheel 2 and the movable member 21.

For a better understanding o f the annular member 1 9. reference should be made to Fig. 4. in which the member 19 is Shown as provided with a plurality of projecting studs 24 and a plurality of`holes 25 and 26. The for rigidly securing the diaphragm 18 to the stationary member 10 which is also provided with corresponding holes 26a (see Fig. 3). The pressure of the annular member 19 upon the diaphragm 18 maintains it in intimate contact with the stationary member 10.

The' movable member or plate 21 is provided also with a plurality holes 25a which correspondA to those shown upon the annular member 19 (see Figs/1 and 2). Tlie'studs 24a of the plate 21 are adapted to engage the holes 25 upon the annular member 19 and, likewise, the studs 24 of the member 19 are adapted 25a of the movable member or plate A21.

A plurality of links or fiat bars 27, shown in Figsl and 2, are provided for mechanically connecting the studs 24 of the annular member 19 to the studs 24a of the movable member 21, thereby preventing the rotation of the member 21. The purpose of the studs to engage the holes of studs 24a and is effected by supplying fiuid pressure from a` member V21 and tliestationary member 10'V lapart. APressure applied'to ythe stationary 24a and 24 andthe holes 25 and 25al is to per-.- Fmit\ horizontal movement of the movable member 2l with respect to the stationary member 10.`

Fluid pressure for actuating the dia-v phragm 18 is supplied from pipe 28 (shown in Figs. 1 and 2) through an opening 29 in the hubportion 12 of the stationary member i' The operation of the brake mechanism 1 suitable source through the lpipe 28 and thence, through the opening 29, tol the diaphragm 18. 4'The 'pressure upon the adiaphragm 18 causes itto force the movable member 1() and the movable member 21 is transmitted, Athrough the respective discs 22,

' (seeFig. 5) `to the cover member 5 andto the wheel 2.V lt is to be understood that relatively slight movement of the stationary member will occur in the direction corres-l pending to. that of theaxis of the shaft 8,

' 'as the pressure upon the members 10 and 21 member21 are not similarly positioned onn the two members. Thepurpose of the dis- Psimilar arrangement of the lrespective sets of studs and of h'olesis to so mount the links' 27 that, during braking, two of the links will -always tend to operate in compression and two of the links in tension, regardless of which way the wheel 2 is rotating.

The radial ribs 8 forming part of the 'a covermember 5 serve. a two-fold purpose, by stifl'ening the cover member 5, and serving as a fan to cool the braking mechanism v1.

. It is t'o be securing braking action mayA also be employed for a clutch device of substantially similar design.

While I have shown myinvention in a lpreferred form, it is apparent that modifi- I cations may be made in the shapes and positions of the parts. of the braking mechanism Without departing from the spirit of my invention. .I desire, therefore, to be limited only by the scope ofr the appended claims.

I claim as my invention: 1.7The 'combination with a rotatable' member having arecess, of a cover member for said recess, and retarding means for said lrotatable member located- 1n said'recess and comprising a substantially .stationary mem'- ber and a movable member, and means for introducing Hzuid under pressure between said movable andl stationary members to respectively effect a retarding :action thereof understood that the method of upon said rotatable member and said cover member.

2. The combination with a rotatable member, of a stationary member, a movable member positioned betwen said other members,

'said stationary and movable members being each provided with a plurality of projections' fitting into co-operatingrecesses in the other, and a-plurality of link members for connecting certain palrs of said projections. i 3. The combination With a rotatablemember, of a stationary member, a movable member positioned lbetween said members, means for securing said movable memberto' said( stationary member for preventing the rotation of said movable member, and a plu- -A rality of link membersjoim'ng certain pairs .of said means wherebyV said link members alternately operate in tension' or compression -in accordance vwith the direction of opera- 4a movable intermediate member, links connecting said intermediate and fixed members, a diaphragm secured to the latter and pressure actuating. means, for said diaphragm to effect relative axial displacement of said members.

'6. The combination with a rotatable member, of a member fixed against rotation, a movable intermediate member linked to said fixed member, a friction disc disposed between said movable and ysaid rotatable members and between said movable and fixed member, a flexible diaphragm secured to said fixed member and pressure-actuated means communicating therewith to e'ect engagement of said friction disc with their co-operating contact surfaces.

7. The combination with a wheel having a recessed central portion,'of a hub having a torque rod connection to the vehicle frame disposed therein, a diaphragm secured to vsaid hub, a-movable disc disposed between saidv diaphragm and Wheel, a cover plate secured to the wheel enclosing said hub, friction -discs disposed between vsaid hub and cover plate and said movable disc and wheel and liquid-pressure-actuated means'for said diaphragm to engage said friction discs with their'co-operating Contact surfaces.

8. The combination with a wheel having a recessed central portion, of a hub havmg lao.

a torque rod/connection totheJ vehicleframe and liquid-pressure-actuated means for said di sed therein, a diaphragm secured to diaphragm. to effect relative axial-displacesai hub, a Inovablddisc disposed between ment of said movable disc and' hub. 10

' said diaphraom and wheel, a. cover plate In testimony whereof, 1 have hereunto 5 secured to t e wheel enclosing said hub. subscribed my name this 5th day of'Feb'- Afriction discs disposed between said hub and nary 1 cover pla'tek and said movable disc and wheel LOUIS M. ASPINWALL. 

